Atherosclerosis is a disease affecting the arteries and characterized by the appearance of atherosclerotic plaques . It is a common cause of stroke, myocardial ischemia or arteriopathy of the lower limbs. Arteriopathy of the lower limbs has different stages depending on its severity with pain that occurs first when walking (claudication) then when resting (pain when lying down) and can even lead to arterial ulcers .

Elastic tissue diseases include a set of pathologies that can be responsible for dissection of the arteries or other skeletal, cutaneous or ocular manifestations.

Chronic venous insufficiency is a venous circulation disorder that affects the legs.

The first stage of the disease is characterized by the presence of varicose veins , then swelling or edema of the ankle may appear. Then the skin takes on a brownish color. At the most advanced stage of the disease a sore may form, with difficulty in healing, which is called a varicose ulcer .

Venous thromboembolic disease is caused by the formation of a clot, or thrombus, in the bloodstream. Its two main forms are deep vein thrombosis or phlebitis and pulmonary embolism .

More than 70% of pulmonary embolisms occur as a result of deep vein thrombosis, the blood clots obstructing the veins of the lower limbs migrating to the pulmonary circulation.

An aneurysm (or aneurysm) is a dilation of the wall of an artery leading to the formation of a pocket of variable size on the arteries of small, medium or large calibers. This pocket grows gradually and can tear when the pressure becomes too great; it is the rupture of aneurysm, which is a serious complication whatever its location.

Acrosyndromes are abnormalities in the circulation of the hands or feet.

The best known acrosyndrome is Raynaud's phenomenon. It is a circulatory disorder of the extremities, characterized by a change in color of the skin which becomes white , then possibly a bluish coloration, associated with tingling and a sensation of dead fingers.

In 80% of cases, this acrosyndrome is not related to an underlying pathology.

During the consultation, the doctor will look for associated signs such as joint pain, difficulty swallowing, shortness of breath, thickening of the skin on the hands or finger wounds that are difficult to heal.

The explorations include a periungual capillaroscopy and a blood test to rule out secondary causes. Eventually, an arterial echo-doppler and a digital pressure measurement can be added.